The most common mistake in private courtyard lighting is not that it is not bright enough, but that it is "peaceful"-each lamp has the same wattage, the same color temperature, and the same illumination height. Good landscape lighting works in layers, and each floor has its own task.

The first floor is the basic floor (ambient light), which solves the problem of "whether this space can be used"-low-level wall lamps or column lights are arranged in the seat area and by the door. The second level is the path level: use step lights and courtyard pillar lights to mark the height difference and moving line. The goal is to form a soft and continuous light band on the ground, rather than sections of bright spots sandwiching dark areas. The third floor is the key floor, which uses grazing shots to brighten tree trunks, wall texture or water features to give the courtyard depth after night. The fourth layer is the focus layer, leaving only one or two strongest elements.

Two rules determine the success or failure of the entire plan. First, the color temperature must be unified-mixing 3000K and 6500K in the same courtyard will create a "patched" feeling that no one can correct, and no matter how many watts you add will be able to save it. Second, let the light hit the surface rather than into the eyes: adding a hood or anti-glare grille to the pillar lamp often improves the texture more than increasing the power.

If the entire system uses a 12V or 24V low voltage loop, calculate the pressure drop before binding. The single loop of a 12V system exceeds about 20 meters, and the brightness at the end will be visually attenuated unless the wire diameter is thickened.